HISTORICAL AND ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF THE GENESIS OF MANAGEMENT OF INNOVATION ACTIVITY OF ENTERPRISES

Abstract

The modern world cannot be imagined without innovations; they are undoubtedly an integral attribute of the modern era of mankind. Being a true engine of progress, they develop the economy and society, sometimes radically changing them. Innovations are used everywhere, but business is the largest consumer and developer of innovations. Innovations help businesses to increase their profits and improve their competitiveness. At the same time, the development of new technologies poses a certain threat to businesses that do not use them for some reason. Today, in the context of strong economic competition, the introduction of innovations is critical for the survival of businesses in some sectors of the economy. The purpose of the study is to investigate the historical and economic preconditions for the emergence of innovation management, analyse existing scientific approaches to the periodisation of its formation, and identify key areas of innovation management at enterprises in the context of digital transformation. The study uses the methods of comparison, analysis, generalisation and systematisation of data and economic justification of the effectiveness of innovation. In the result of the study the historical and economic aspects of the genesis of innovation activity of enterprises are considered. The main scientific approaches to the definition of the term ‘innovation’ are considered. The main historical periods of development of management of innovations in business processes are outlined. Some economic aspects that stimulate the innovation activity of enterprises are analysed. The definition of key areas of innovation management at enterprises in the context of digital transformation is proposed. The conclusions define the importance of studying the historical and economic prerequisites for the emergence of innovation management, outline the main recommendations for the directions of work of modern innovation management. The proposed recommendations will help to increase the efficiency and competitiveness of domestic enterprises. An analysis of recent publications confirms the existence of a scientific discussion on the scientific definition of the concept of ‘innovation’ and the historical periodisation of the formation of innovation management as an enterprise activity. Therefore, a scientific study of the relevant works of foreign and domestic scholars on the management of innovation is extremely relevant.